Your AI cited a paper. It’s real. It’s the wrong one.
The dangerous citations aren’t the obviously fake ones. They’re the fabricated DOIs that look real, and the real papers attached to the wrong claim — the ones you can’t catch by eye. Paste an AI answer below and we’ll check every source it cited: which ones exist, and which ones it described wrong.
Caught a source that was not real?
That is exactly what I write up. Confidently Wrong is my fortnightly newsletter: I run the big AI assistants through the same checkable questions and send you the receipts when one quietly gets it wrong, plus the fix worth keeping.
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We can’t read the source for you, so make the AI do it, in front of you.
A working link still isn’t proof the source backs the claim. The honest way to test that is to put the AI back on the stand. Copy this into the same chat, paste it under the answer you’re checking, and watch whether it can point to the exact line, or whether it starts hedging.
Go back through your previous answer and, for every factual claim, do the following: 1. Name the single source that supports it. 2. Quote the exact sentence from that source that backs the claim, word for word. Do not paraphrase. 3. Give the direct link to where that sentence appears. 4. If you cannot find a sentence that directly supports a claim, say so plainly: "No source directly supports this." Do not fill the gap. Rules: do not invent quotes or links. If a source only partly supports a claim, say which part it supports and which part it doesn't. I would rather you tell me you can't back something than make something up.
Want the method behind it? See the Prompt Stack → · Or read what happens when a source is real but doesn’t back the claim →